[ILMU MUDAH]: Perbandingan Efikasi Covid-19 Vaccines.

adila39

salmon-suki replied at 28-3-2021 06:46 PM
Byk jgk laa y diambil yee..cansino tu sama ke origin dia?kalau drpd sana,mmg xyakin..huhu

From China and 3.5million purchased if x silap... Huhuhu.. Kita doa ok

najib888

Sekarang, tgh tunggu turn untuk dapatkan suntikan.. sinovac..
Kalau tak kena kuarantin tempoh hari, dapat la pfizer corminaty ..
Harap2 semuanya ok..

adila39

najib888 replied at 29-3-2021 11:11 AM
Sekarang, tgh tunggu turn untuk dapatkan suntikan.. sinovac..
Kalau tak kena kuarantin tempoh hari, ...

i think soon... april to may kot

malaygirl

Macam takut nak vaksin. Boleh ke tunggu dulu. Macam setahun after program vaksinasi ni baru g cucuk? Nak tengok dulu. Boleh ke? Btw aku dah daftar pun dlm mysejahtera

adila39

malaygirl replied at 29-3-2021 04:30 PM
Macam takut nak vaksin. Boleh ke tunggu dulu. Macam setahun after program vaksinasi ni baru g cucuk? ...

Hmm kalau dah daftar sooner or later akan dipanggil.  While waiting sempatla consider elok elok ok

MadameOnion

hi doctor..i ada terbaca betul ke kebolehjangkitan ni bergantung pada jenis darah jugak? katanya rhesus negative susah dijangkiti..study ni based on apa? kalau ikut numbers mmg la rhesus negative kurang dijangkiti sbb yg rh neg ni bukan ramai mana pun

adila39

MadameOnion replied at 30-3-2021 08:21 AM
hi doctor..i ada terbaca betul ke kebolehjangkitan ni bergantung pada jenis darah jugak? katanya rhe ...

hi madam, i pun ada baca. Katanya darah jenis 0 percentage dijangkiti covid paling rendah. Yet kajian masih perlu dilakukan. So tidaklah kekal statement ni.

Untuk rhesus negative, sangat rendah di negara kita ni yg ada jenis darah ni. Saya x boleh jawab secara khusus so kena tunggu doc ipes untuk menjawab.

But, rhesus negative ni maknanya tidak ada antigen di permukaan sel darah merah.. hmmm menarik jugak... hope doc ipes explain.


@ipes2

malaygirl

adila39 replied at 30-3-2021 08:08 AM
Hmm kalau dah daftar sooner or later akan dipanggil.  While waiting sempatla consider elok elok ok

Ooo so once kita dah daftar dalam mysejahtera tu jd mmg tak boleh ye tolak? Bukan nak tolak terus. Tapi nak tangguh je. Because my husband ada mild side effect lepas 1st jab. Sesak nafas, sakit dada, loya. 2nd jab Insha Allah 5th April ni.

adila39

malaygirl replied at 31-3-2021 04:56 PM
Ooo so once kita dah daftar dalam mysejahtera tu jd mmg tak boleh ye tolak? Bukan nak tolak terus. ...

kalau dah daftar mmg xboleh rasa nanti kang depa doal jawab kot.

Oh ye?? so now ok dah? mybe reaction yg x kekal.. dia panik ke.. hope all is good.

malaygirl

adila39 replied at 1-4-2021 09:34 AM
kalau dah daftar mmg xboleh rasa nanti kang depa doal jawab kot.

Oh ye?? so now ok dah? mybe re ...

Dah better dari sebelum ni. Alhamdulillah. Dia tak panik tp risau tu ada lah sikit. Takpe maybe utk org awam macam saya lambat lagi kan. Bagi setel frontliners dulu.

Sebenarnya sebab kami ada anak2 y masih kecik kan, jd kalau dua2 sakit jem jugak. Tu je sebenarnya y saya risau sangat n agak menyesal daftar mysejahtera awal2 hehehe. Takpe lah kita tengok la macamana

adila39

@ipes2


WALAUPUN sering ‘dimomokkan’ kononnya vaksin Covid-19 boleh memberi kesan sampingan bersifat kekal kepada penerima, namun fakta membuktikan hanya kira-kira 3.5 peratus atau 25,770 daripada 740,226 penerima di negara ini mengalami kesan sampingan.

Daripada jumlah tersebut pula, Menteri Kesihatan, Datuk Seri Dr. Adham Baba memaklumkan sebanyak 99.5 peratus atau 25,641 penerima vaksin mengalami kesan sampingan bersifat ringan.

Kata Adham, hanya segelintir daripada jumlah tersebut memerlukan pemeriksaan lanjut dan dimasukkan ke wad tetapi telah sihat.

“Kesan sampingan yang dipantau sejak daripada permulaan pemberian vaksin Covid-19 adalah meliputi kesan ringan dan kesan serius selepas menerima vaksinasi.



“Antara kesan-kesan ringan yang dialami penerima vaksin adalah sakit di tempat suntikan, demam, sakit kepala, keletihan, muntah, loya, sakit di sendi dan sengal-sengal di badan.

“Bagi kesan lebih teruk adalah bengkak di sebahagian anggota badan seperti muka, sesak nafas dan tidak selesa di bahagian dada,” katanya kepada pemberita selepas Majlis Pelancaran Buku Covid-19 di Hospital Pengajar Universiti Putra Malaysia (HPUPM), hari ini.

Baca artikel berkaitan: Hampir suku juta sudah lengkap dua dos vaksin – Dr Adham

Seramai 241,758 individu dalam kumpulan fasa pertama Program Imunisasi COVID-19 Kebangsaan telah melengkapkan dua dos suntikan vaksin mereka setakat semalam.

Bagi tempoh sama, 498,468 individu telah menerima dos pertama sekali gus menjadikan jumlah keseluruhan pemberian dos pertama dan kedua vaksin Covid-19 di negara kini adalah 740,226.

Menerusi infografik yang dikongsikan Dr. Adham dalam laman Twitter miliknya hari ini, Selangor kekal sebagai negeri tertinggi menerima suntikan dos pertama vaksin iaitu 69,852, diikuti Perak (49,996) dan Sarawak (48,079).

Sabah pula merekodkan sebanyak 46,023, Kuala Lumpur (44,702), Johor (39,624), Pahang (33,693), Pulau Pinang (33,045), Kedah (30,316), Negeri Sembilan (24,690), Terengganu (24,516), Kelantan (22,596), Melaka (13,758), Perlis (9,846), Putrajaya (5,233) dan Labuan (2,499).

Sementara itu, Selangor turut mencatat jumlah individu teramai telah melengkapkan kedua-dua dos suntikan vaksin COVID-19 iaitu 28,616, diikuti Sarawak (25,287) dan Kuala Lumpur (23,899).

adila39

malaygirl replied at 1-4-2021 01:33 PM
Dah better dari sebelum ni. Alhamdulillah. Dia tak panik tp risau tu ada lah sikit. Takpe maybe ut ...

Alhamdulillah..hope all goes well.

adila39

AstraZeneca's Covid-19 vaccine: What we know and don't know

European officials have recommended that a dangerous type of blood clot should be listed as a “very rare side effect” of the AstraZeneca jab.
European officials have recommended that a dangerous type of blood clot should be listed as a “very rare side effect” of the AstraZeneca jab.

A European Medicines Agency (EMA) recommendation on Wednesday (April 7) that a dangerous type of blood clot should be listed as a "very rare side effect" of the AstraZeneca jab stopped just short of saying there is a causal link between the vaccine and the deadly condition.

Questions have persisted for weeks on whether highly unusual blood clots among those getting the AstraZeneca vaccine against Covid-19 were more frequent than in the general population, and what causes them if they were.

Here's what we know:


What has been observed?
As of April 4, national health authorities have reported 222 cases of a rare thrombosis affected the brain or abdomen among some 34 million people in Europe who have received the AstraZeneca jab, according to the EMA.

As of March 22, by which time 86 such cases had been logged, 18 had resulted in death.

"This thrombosis of large veins is unusually located in the brain, and even more rarely in the digestive tract," the French Medicines Agency (ANSM) noted.


It is also associated with a condition characterised by abnormally low levels of platelets, which are small cell fragments in our blood that form clots to stop or prevent bleeding.

In mid-March Germany's medicines regulator, the Paul Ehrlich Institute (PEI), flagged what they described as an abnormally high number of cases involving these rare cerebral blood clots, mostly in younger and middle-aged women.

Also seen in extreme cases of sepsis, this condition involves "both thrombosis and haemorrhaging", Odile Launay, a member of the scientific body advising the French government on Covid-19 vaccines, told AFP.

Link with the vaccine?
The EMA has been reluctant draw a straight cause-and-effect line between the vaccine and the rare blood clots.


Last week, the agency said the link "has not been proven but is possible," and headlined Wednesday's finding the same way.

Other specialists are more categorical.

"We have to stop speculating on whether there is a link or not - all the cases showed these symptoms three to 10 days after inoculation with the AstraZeneca vaccine," Pal Andre Holme, who heads a team at Oslo National Hospital working on these cases, told Norwegian television.

"We have not found any other triggering factor."

Norway's national medicines agency backed this assessment, with one of their executives, Steinar Madsen, saying "there is probably a link with the vaccine".

How big is the risk?
Based on the most recent data, someone getting the AstraZeneca vaccine stands a 1-in-153,000 chance of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), the blood clot in the brain, or its equivalent for the digestive tract.

The risk of death, based on data as of March 22, is one in 1.4 million.

To put that in a different perspective: the odds of getting hit by lightening in an average lifetime - about 1 in 15,000, according to the US National Weather Service - are more than 90 times higher than dying from a brain blood clots after receiving an AstraZeneca jab.

In Germany, there have been 31 suspected cases of CVST - 19 accompanied by a drop in blood platelets - with nine deaths, according to the Paul-Ehrlich Institute.

These cases were spread across 2.8 million AstraZeneca vaccine doses injected, or just over one case per 100,000 doses.

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The comparable figures for France are 12 cases and four deaths out of 1.9 million doses, and for Norway, five cases and three deaths out of 120,000 doses.

Britain - where AstraZeneca has been administered more than in any other country - registered 30 cases as of Saturday, including seven fatalities, across a total of 18.1 million doses.

As is true of all medications, risks must always be weighed against benefits.

"We would all prefer to have drugs that are 100 per cent safe but they don't exist," Adam Finn, a professor of paediatrics at University of Bristol, told the London-based Science Media Centre last week, commenting on renewed bans of the AstraZeneca vaccine in Germany and elsewhere.

"Right now the biggest risk to our lives and livelihoods throughout the world is Covid-19," Finn added.

"We need to stay focused on the need to prevent it taking millions more human lives before it is brought under control and the only effective way to do that is through vaccination."

The EMA has consistently echoed this view.

"The reported combination of blood clots and low blood platelets is very rare, and the overall benefits of the vaccine in preventing Covid-19 outweigh the risks of side effects," the agency said on Wednesday.

Risk factors?
Most cases of cerebral thrombosis have occurred in those under 65, but it is impossible to draw any conclusions about age because the vaccine has been administered to date mostly among younger people.

During its initial rollout, AstraZeneca was not administered to older people because of a lack of data during clinical trials.

The fact that most cases have been among women could reflect the fact that the health sector - predominately women - was given priority for vaccination.

"Based on the currently available evidence, specific risk factors" - such as age, gender or preexisting conditions - "have not been confirmed", the EMA said on Wednesday.


Germany decided in late March to ban its use for anyone under 60, while in Canada - as in France - the age threshold is 55. In Sweden the age cutoff is 65.

"We do not have just one vaccine, we have several," Sandra Ciesek, a professor of medical virology at the Goethe University Frankfurt, wrote in Science magazine. "So, restricting the AstraZeneca vaccine to older people makes sense to me."

Norway and Sweden have taken the more radical step of suspending the AstraZeneca vaccine altogether.

Possible explanations?
For the moment, there are only hypotheses.

The one favoured by the EMA and many independent researchers is some form of an immune reaction.

"One plausible explanation for the combination of blood clots and low blood platelets is an immune response, leading to a condition similar to one seen sometimes in patients treated with heparin," the EMA said on Wednesday, In very rare cases, the anti-coagulant medication heparin is known to induce a severe reaction known as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).

In a recent study that has not yet been peer-reviewed, German and Austrian researchers reached the same conclusion, proposing a name for what they described as a new syndrome: "vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia (VIPIT)."

An association of French scientists and doctors called "On the Side of Science" have suggested that such an immune response could come from the accidental insertion of the needle into a vein in the upper arm, rather than muscle.

ipes2

Scheherazade replied at 28-3-2021 03:23 AM
Well, wlupun kita choose to be vaccinated, rgdless of which vaccine taken, does not mean kita 100% k ...

ye, still kena hati2
juga, kang kita bawak kat org je kang (sy tk sure bolek ke tak kita bawak kat org sedangkan kita tak diinfected)

ipes2

najib888 replied at 28-3-2021 06:34 AM
Nak tanya, patient yg dah/pernah kena covid, dan sembuh, perlu jugakah di vaksin? Ikut my palatao, v ...

some ppl, lepas kena covid, dpt immunity for 3 mths je, ada pulak yg lama.. ada pulak yg so far tk hilang2 immunity dia
jadi, utk elok dari false sense of security, dikatakan sesapa yg dah lebih dari 3 bulan lepas kena covid infection, perlu divaccinate juga
sy dah kena covid dulu tu, tapi kena juga vax, dan alhamdulillah dah completed vaccination in feb

ipes2

salmon-suki replied at 28-3-2021 08:17 AM
Symptomatic infection tu mcm mana ek?kenapa sinovac rendah percentage?n mcm x reliable..

symptomatic infection tu bila kita kena suatu jangkitan, kita dapat symptoms dari nya
asymptomatic infection pulak, bila kita dapat jangkitan, kita takde symptoms
eg, ada org dapat CMV infection, takde symptoms pon
malah ada org dapat Hep C pun, dan takde symptoms.. sgt menakutkan
juga, ramai yg kena covid ni dan remain asymptomatic

adila39

PICK berjalan lancar mengikut jadual

PROGRAM Imunisasi COVID-19 Kebangsaan atau PICK berjalan lancar seperti yang dijadualkan.  Sejak Fasa 1 bermula pada 24 Februari 2021 sehingga 19 April 2021, sebanyak 1.177,648 dos vaksin telah diberikan.

Dalam tempoh ini, seramai  726,411 orang telah terima dos pertama dan daripada jumlah itu, 451,237 orang telah terima dos kedua. Fasa 2 telah bermula pada 19 April 2021 sehingga Ogos manakala Fasa 3 pula akan bermula Mei dan disasarkan tamat akhir tahun ini.

Perbandingan prestasi

Perbandingan prestasi pemberian vaksin COVID-19 dalam kalangan negara-negara di Asia Tenggara, Malaysia ditangga ke-4 selepas Singapura, Kemboja dan Indonesia.  

Singapura menjadi negara pertama di Asia yang memulakan program vaksinasi dan menjadi pusat pengumpulan dan pengedaran vaksin keluaran Pfizer untuk rantau Asia Tenggara. Kemboja pula mendapat bekalan vaksin AstraZeneca daripada Fasilisiti COVAX dan Sinopharm yang disumbangkan kerajaan China. Indonesia pula menjadi tapak ujian klinikal bagi vaksin Sinovac sekaligus diutamakan dalam bekalan vaksin itu.

Dalam kalangan negara-negara utama di rantau Pasifik Barat, prestasi Malaysia dalam pemberian vaksin lebih baik berbanding Jepun dan Australia.

Kesimpulan
PICK berjalan lancar mengikut jadual. Dakwaan PICK terlalu perlahan dan 'lembab' adalah tidak benar. Walaupun Fasa 3 iaitu fasa terbesar hanya akan bermula Mei ini, orang ramai diminta mendaftar awal bagi memudahkan petugas merancang janji temu bagi setiap individu.  Pendaftaran awal Ini memudahkan perancangan penghantaran vaksin ke pusat-pusat pemberian vaksin. Ini kerana, jumlah penghantaran vaksin ke PPV berdasarkan jumlah penerima vaksin yang telah setuju dengan tarikh yang diberikan. Perancangan teliti ini bagi mengelak pembaziran vaksin.

Berikut fakta-fakta ringkas program vaksinasi di beberapa negara.

Malaysia
Fasa Pertama (Feb – Apr 2021) mensasarkan 500,000 orang divaksin
Setakat 19 Apr 2021, 451,237 orang telah melengkapkan 2 dos vaksin atau 90.24% daripada sasaran yang ditetapkan
Setakat 19 Apr 2021, 726,411 orang telah menerima 1 dos vaksin
Fasa 2 telah bermula pada 19 Apr 2021 dan disasarkan selesai pada Ogos 2021 melibatkan 9.4 juta orang
3 jenis vaksin telah diluluskan untuk digunakan; Pfizer-BioNTech, Sinovac dan AstraZeneca. Namun, AstraZeneca sedang dalam penilaian semula
Program vaksinasi berjalan seperti yang dijadualkan
Program vaksinasi Malaysia lebih cepat daripada Filipina walaupun Filipina lebih teruk terjejas
Program vaksinasi Malaysia memberi peluang kepada kita untuk menilai program vaksinasi negara lain dan keberkesanan dan keselamatan vaksin yang digunakan

Singapura
Paling awal memulakan program vaksinasasi (30/12/2020)
Negara pertama di Asia yang meluluskan penggunaan vaksin Pfizer-BioNTech
Negara terawal yang memeterai penjanjian pembelian dan membuat bayaran awal termasuklah daripada Moderna dan Sinovac
Menjadi pusat pengedaran vaksin Pfizer-BioNTech bagi Asia Tenggara

Kemboja
Menerima sumbangan awal vaksin daripada kerajaan China sebanyak 1 juta dos Sinopharm
Memulakan program vaksinasi lebih awal dari Malaysia dengan vaksin Sinopharm (10/2/2021)
Antara negara pertama yang memperoleh vaksin melalui kemudahan COVAX iaitu vaksin AstraZeneca pada 2 Mac 2021

Indonesia
Memulakan program vaksinasi lebih awal dari Malaysia dengan vaksin Sinovac (13/1/2021)
Merupakan tapak ujian klinikal bagi vaksin Sinovac
Fokus pemberian kepada golongan berumur 18-59 tahun kerana kekurangan data klinikal tentang keberkesanan Sinovac bagi warga emas
Merupakan negara paling teruk terjejas di Asia Tenggara yang memerlukan program vaksinasi dipercepatkan

Korea Selatan
Mempunyai kilang pembuatan vaksin bagi Astra-Zaneca melalui SK Bioscience
@ipes2

adila39

Semua vaksin yang diluluskan untuk penggunaan di Malaysia adalah selamat dan berkesan. Vaksin yang paling bagus adalah vaksin paling awal yang ditawarkan kepada anda. Pengambilan vaksin untuk melindungi komuniti daripada penyakit COVID-19 yang teruk adalah prioriti sekarang.

#lindungidirilindungisemua

CPRC Kebangsaan - Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia

adila39

@ipes2

BlackOpium

Hi guys. Nak tanya. Berapa lama tempoh untuk terima vaksin tu untuk someone after sembuh from infection?