Risiko AML Jika Ambilan Alkohol Dari Ibu Mengandung

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Although acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is relatively rare in children,drinking alcohol during pregnancy could increase the risk, according to arecent paper published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention,a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. Julie Ross, Ph.D.,director of the division of pediatric epidemiology and clinical research at theUniversity of Minnesota, said there are about 700 cases of AML in the UnitedStates in children each year.


"It's quite rare, so we want to be careful about worrying parents toomuch," said Ross, who was not involved in the study, but is an editorialboard member of Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.


Ross and the lead researcher of this study, Paule Latino-Martel, Ph.D.,research director at the Research Center for Human Nutrition in France, agreedthat these findings should strengthen the public health recommendation againstalcohol consumption during pregnancy.

"Despite the current recommendation that pregnant women should notdrink alcohol during pregnancy, alcohol consumption during pregnancy is 12percent in the United States, 30 percent in Sweden, 52 percent in France, 59percent in Australia and 60 percent in Russia," said Latino-Martel.


Latino-Martel and colleagues analyzed 21 case control studies. Alcoholintake during pregnancy, defined as a response to a yes or no question, wasassociated with a 56 percent increased risk of AML in children. The risk of AMLwas higher in children aged 0 to 4 years old at diagnosis. There was nosignificant association with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.


Source : American Association Cancer Research

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What Is Acute Myeloid Leukemia?

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) goes by many names, including acute myelocytic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, acute granulocytic leukemia, and acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. "Acute" means that the leukemia can progress quickly, and if not treated, would probably be fatal in a few months.

AML is a cancer that starts in cells that would normally develop into different types of blood cells. Most cases of AML develop from cells that would turn into white blood cells (other than lymphocytes), but some cases of AML develop in other types of blood-forming cells. The different types of AML are listed in the section, "How is acute myeloid leukemia classified?"

(Acute leukemia that develops in lymphocytes is called acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). For more information on this type of leukemia, see our document, Leukemia -- Acute Lymphocytic.)

AML starts in the bone marrow (the soft inner part of the bones, where new blood cells are made), but in most cases it quickly moves into the blood. It can sometimes spread to other parts of the body including the lymph nodes, liver, spleen, central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and testicles (in males).

Other types of cancer can start in these organs and then spread to the bone marrow. But these cancers that start elsewhere and then spread to the bone marrow are not leukemia.

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Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a fast-growing cancer of the blood and bone marrow. In AML, the bone marrow makes many unformed cells called blasts. Blasts normally develop into white blood cells that fight infection. However, the blasts are abnormal in AML. They do not develop and cannot fight infections. The bone marrow may also make abnormal red blood cells and platelets. The number of abnormal cells (or leukemia cells) grows quickly. They crowd out the normal red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets the body needs.