Sejarah Republik Singapura

chumpon · Post time 21-12-2005 09:18 AM

Saya bercadang nak merge topik ni dengan Sejarah Republik Singapura apabila topik ni dah sejuk nanti. Any objection ???:bgrin:

chumpon · Post time 21-12-2005 05:54 PM

http://forum.cari.com.my/viewthr ... &extra=page%3D1

ni dia...
Singapura....

Ni kat Jurong East

Ni LRT kat Bukit Panjang

Ni plak kat Sengkang...

Untuk rujukan lanjut, sila ke link di bawah
Source : http://www.urbanrail.net/as/sing/singapore.htm
Source : http://www.urbanrail.net

chumpon · Post time 21-12-2005 06:01 PM

Light rail to start running by next year

SAY goodbye to long queues and a warm, humid ride on the monorail around Sentosa. The new air-conditioned Sentosa Express light rail train will run from the North-East Line's HarbourFront MRT station, across the Sentosa Causeway Bridge, to the island in under four minutes.

To be ready by 2006, this $140 million system will be complemented by the island's internal bus and beach tram services.

It will be driver-operated, and will stop at three stations - in the entertainment belt in the north, the forested area in the centre and the beaches in the south, according to a Straits Times report in 2003.

Some of these stations will have underground car parks for visitors to park upon arrival.

The ticket prices for the ride have not been decided yet but it is unlikely to be expensive.

rapid · Post time 22-12-2005 06:27 PM

]Majulah Singapura 前进吧，新加坡！Onward Singapore முன்னேறட்டும் சிங்கப்பூர்

"My Settlement of Singapore continues to thrive most wonderfully - it is all and everything I could wish and, if no untimely fate awaits it, promises to become the Emporium and the pride of the East" - Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, 10th September 1820

[ Last edited by rapid at 22-12-2005 06:30 PM ]

rapid · Post time 22-12-2005 06:29 PM

rapid · Post time 22-12-2005 06:30 PM

Human Development Index 2004

from the UN

HDI Ranking
http://hdr.undp.org/

High human development

1 Norway 0.956
2 Sweden 0.946
3 Australia 0.946
4 Canada 0.943
5 Netherlands 0.942
6 Belgium 0.942
7 Iceland 0.941
8 United States 0.939
9 Japan 0.938
10 Ireland 0.936
11 Switzerland 0.936
12 United Kingdom 0.936
13 Finland 0.935
14 Austria 0.934
15 Luxembourg 0.933
16 France 0.932
17 Denmark 0.932
18 New Zealand 0.926
19 Germany 0.925
20 Spain 0.922
21 Italy 0.920
22 Israel 0.908
23 Hong Kong, China 0.903
24 Greece 0.902
25 Singapore 0.902
26 Portugal 0.897
27 Slovenia 0.895
28 Korea, Rep. of 0.888
29 Barbados 0.888
30 Cyprus 0.883
31 Malta 0.875
32 Czech Republic 0.868
33 Brunei Darussalam 0.867
34 Argentina 0.853
35 Seychelles 0.853
36 Estonia 0.853
37 Poland 0.850
38 Hungary 0.848
39 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.844
40 Bahrain 0.843
41 Lithuania 0.842
42 Slovakia 0.842
43 Chile 0.839
44 Kuwait 0.838
45 Costa Rica 0.834
46 Uruguay 0.833
47 Qatar 0.833
48 Croatia 0.830
49 United Arab Emirates 0.824
50 Latvia 0.823
51 Bahamas 0.815
52 Cuba 0.809
53 Mexico 0.802
54 Trinidad and Tobago 0.801
55 Antigua and Barbuda 0.800

Medium human development

56 Bulgaria 0.796
57 Russian Federation 0.795
58 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 0.794
59 Malaysia 0.793
60 Macedonia, TFYR 0.793
61 Panama 0.791
62 Belarus 0.790
63 Tonga 0.787
64 Mauritius 0.785
65 Albania 0.781
66 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.781
67 Suriname 0.780
68 Venezuela 0.778
69 Romania 0.778
70 Ukraine 0.777
71 Saint Lucia 0.777
72 Brazil 0.775
73 Colombia 0.773
74 Oman 0.770
75 Samoa (Western) 0.769
76 Thailand 0.768
77 Saudi Arabia 0.768
78 Kazakhstan 0.766
79 Jamaica 0.764
80 Lebanon 0.758
81 Fiji 0.758
82 Armenia 0.754
83 Philippines 0.753
84 Maldives 0.752
85 Peru 0.752
86 Turkmenistan 0.752
87 St. Vincent & the Grenadines 0.751
88 Turkey 0.751
89 Paraguay 0.751
90 Jordan 0.750
91 Azerbaijan 0.746
92 Tunisia 0.745
93 Grenada 0.745
94 China 0.745
95 Dominica 0.743
96 Sri Lanka 0.740
97 Georgia 0.739
98 Dominican Republic 0.738
99 Belize 0.737
100 Ecuador 0.735
101 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 0.732
102 Occupied Palestinian Territories 0.726
103 El Salvador 0.720
104 Guyana 0.719
105 Cape Verde 0.717
106 Syrian Arab Republic 0.710
107 Uzbekistan 0.709
108 Algeria 0.704
109 Equatorial Guinea 0.703
110 Kyrgyzstan 0.701
111 Indonesia 0.692
112 Viet Nam 0.691
113 Moldova, Rep. of 0.681
114 Bolivia 0.681
115 Honduras 0.672
116 Tajikistan 0.671
117 Mongolia 0.668
118 Nicaragua 0.667
119 South Africa 0.666
120 Egypt 0.653
121 Guatemala 0.649
122 Gabon 0.648
123 S鉶 Tom

rapid · Post time 22-12-2005 06:31 PM

Business Times - 25 Oct 2004

S'pore has pivotal role in global pharmaceuticals

Raw materials for 10 of the world's blockbuster drugs are made here

By CHEN HUIFEN

(SINGAPORE) Raw materials for 10 of the world's blockbuster drugs that saw US$20 billion in worldwide sales last year are being produced right here in Singapore, thanks to the appeal of its strong intellectual property (IP) protection laws.

According to business intelligence firm World Market Research Centre, 'few pharmaceutical companies have dared to enter the Asian market for this manufacturing process, generally due to poor IP standards', yet Singapore alone has managed to attract several big pharmaceutical giants to have their active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) made here.

Of the 10 popular drugs that have their APIs manufactured here, three are the world's top 20 drugs, namely Seretide (for asthma), Neurontin (seizures) and Diovan (hypertension).

The arthritis drug Vioxx would have made it four had it not been recently pulled off the global market by Merck after a study confirmed concerns that it raises the risk of heart attack and stroke risks.

The 10 popular drugs that have their APIs produced in Singapore are labelled 'blockbuster' because each has an annual sale of at least US$1 billion.

Top on the list is Seretide, produced by Glaxo SmithKline. Sales of the drug generated about US$4 billion last year. It is followed by Pfizer's US$2.7 billion Neurontin and Novartis' US$2.4 billion Diovan.

'We haven't done any specific analysis of other Asian countries in terms of the number of blockbusters they manufacture but I'd be surprised if any other country had more,' said London-based WMRC healthcare analyst Gustav Ando.

'Certainly this is unique to Asia - that a small Asian pharma hub has been able to attract so much interest from the big pharmas, and is the centre of manufacturing for 11 blockbusters (if Vioxx is also taken into account) around the world.'

Mr Ando does not have an estimate of how many blockbuster drugs there are globally right now, but he reckons only the world's top 10 drug companies would have more than two or three. 'Outside the top 20, most companies do not have one,' he added.

A strong IP regime in the country they manufacture is important to major drug companies because they rely on the exclusive rights to produce proprietary drugs, held through patents lasting 10-20 years, to generate the phenomenal sales for a stipulated period of time.

'In this respect, Singapore comes out on top in Asia, and the country's IP legislation is continually being improved in favour of the pharmaceutical industry,' Mr Ando said.

He noted that Singapore has been consistently ranked among the top in Asia for IP protection from 1997 to 2003 by the Hong Kong-based Political and Economic Risk Consultancy. 'Thus, you can't ask for a better research and manufacturing environment,' he added.

'Ultimately, Singapore's strength is that it is attempting to build a unique, fully-integrated life sciences sector, from early stage R&D to manufacturing and commercialisation. The problem remains the dearth of venture capital and an unlively stock market, and this will not change until a stronger intellectual capital has been built up in the life sciences sector.'

While Taiwan, India and China offer cheaper operating facilities, WMRC said some have questionable IP records. In a tussle involving Pfizer and the authorities in China, the latter overturned Pfizer's patent for Viagra, leading to a rampant counterfeiting of the drug.

Copyright

rapid · Post time 22-12-2005 06:32 PM

S'pore named best-governed city

4 Nov 04

Island ranks high in city management and marketing in Jones Lang LaSalle survey of 33 major cities, reports ANDREA TAN

SINGAPORE is the world's best-governed city, according to a survey by Jones Lang LaSalle. This puts the city-state ahead of Barcelona, Dubai and New York.

JLL said in its inaugural City Governance Survey of 33 major cities that success was dependent on city management and strong marketing capacity, not city size, geographical spread or economic maturity.

New York was the leader in city marketing, trailed by Shanghai, Barcelona, Singapore, Beijing and Dubai. In terms of city management, Singapore was No 1, followed by Auckland, Dubai, Barcelona and Hong Kong.

'City governance has a critical influence on a city's attractiveness to both investors and occupiers of real estate,' said JLL Singapore managing director Yu Lai Boon.'Broadly speaking, governance can be defined as the process for making and implementing decisions.'

Cities were classified as successful, balanced and challenged.

San Francisco, Warsaw, Tokyo and Shenzhen were labelled 'challenged' under overall city governance ranking.

Frankfurt, Rio de Janeiro, Berlin and Sao Paulo were the least well managed. The worst cities in terms of marketing were Tokyo, Shenzhen, Warsaw and San Francisco.

Dr Yu said Singapore and Hong Kong ranked 'particularly well' in terms of city management.

'Singapore is a city-state characterised by prominent regional position and cultural diversity,' he said. 'Singapore has strong city autonomy given its high capacity to allocate financial resources according to its priorities as well as raising resources to fulfil the same priorities without depending heavily on central government transfers.'

JLL said medium-sized, wealthier cities tended to perform best on this index, as larger cities often experience congestion and high cost issues, while smaller cities have to deal with the lack of real estate product and the limited scope of their markets in order to attract investors and corporate occupiers.

How can a city improve its ranking?

The international property consultancy said major events such as the Olympic Games, and buildings were good tactics to use in city marketing programmes. Barcelona used the 1992 Olympic Games as a catalyst to renovate the city, while Dubai's major harbour Jebel Alihas become a leading world tourist destination, JLL said.

rapid · Post time 22-12-2005 06:34 PM

http://www.economist.com/theworl ... =3372495&d=2005

neeziee · Post time 22-12-2005 06:35 PM

best gak baca sejarah ni ek

chumpon · Post time 5-1-2006 12:14 PM

thread ni telah digabungkan dengan Kranji Memorial Park ..

pisang69 · Post time 5-1-2006 03:05 PM

walaupun aku x sker singapore...tp aku kagum dgn pemimpin dan pembangunan negara diorg...mmg superb...sisterm perhubungn jln diorg teratur...rakyat diorg pun leh thn disiplinnya cuma time diorg masuk msia jer...dah jd cam beruk...mula tunjuk lagak..langgar undg2 msia...dasar banjingan tengik....
tp mmg best pun gi jln2 singapore...

mahathirGX · Post time 5-1-2006 05:04 PM

Kerajaan Singapura ni disokong oleh pertubuhan Pyramid Club yg juga dikenali sebagai Kumpulan Pemikir yg bertindak memberi nasihat2 yg berguna kepada kerajaan ... Ahli2 Club ini terlibat secara langsung dalam pentadbiran kerajaan Singapura .. ahli2nya terdiri dari teknorat, ahli korporat yg berpengaruh, elit kerajaan, bijak pandai...